旧约 - 出埃及记(Exodus)第13章

The LORD said to Moses,
"Consecrate to me every firstborn male. The first offspring of every womb among the Israelites belongs to me, whether man or animal."
Then Moses said to the people, "Commemorate this day, the day you came out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery, because the LORD brought you out of it with a mighty hand. Eat nothing containing yeast.
Today, in the month of Abib, you are leaving.
When the LORD brings you into the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Hivites and Jebusites--the land he swore to your forefathers to give you, a land flowing with milk and honey--you are to observe this ceremony in this month:
For seven days eat bread made without yeast and on the seventh day hold a festival to the LORD.
Eat unleavened bread during those seven days; nothing with yeast in it is to be seen among you, nor shall any yeast be seen anywhere within your borders.
On that day tell your son, 'I do this because of what the LORD did for me when I came out of Egypt.'
This observance will be for you like a sign on your hand and a reminder on your forehead that the law of the LORD is to be on your lips. For the LORD brought you out of Egypt with his mighty hand.
You must keep this ordinance at the appointed time year after year.
"After the LORD brings you into the land of the Canaanites and gives it to you, as he promised on oath to you and your forefathers,
you are to give over to the LORD the first offspring of every womb. All the firstborn males of your livestock belong to the LORD.
Redeem with a lamb every firstborn donkey, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. Redeem every firstborn among your sons.
"In days to come, when your son asks you, 'What does this mean?' say to him, 'With a mighty hand the LORD brought us out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery.
When Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, the LORD killed every firstborn in Egypt, both man and animal. This is why I sacrifice to the LORD the first male offspring of every womb and redeem each of my firstborn sons.'
And it will be like a sign on your hand and a symbol on your forehead that the LORD brought us out of Egypt with his mighty hand."
When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them on the road through the Philistine country, though that was shorter. For God said, "If they face war, they might change their minds and return to Egypt."
So God led the people around by the desert road toward the Red Sea. The Israelites went up out of Egypt armed for battle.
Moses took the bones of Joseph with him because Joseph had made the sons of Israel swear an oath. He had said, "God will surely come to your aid, and then you must carry my bones up with you from this place."
After leaving Succoth they camped at Etham on the edge of the desert.
By day the LORD went ahead of them in a pillar of cloud to guide them on their way and by night in a pillar of fire to give them light, so that they could travel by day or night.
Neither the pillar of cloud by day nor the pillar of fire by night left its place in front of the people.
出埃及记第十三章   第 13 章 

  出 13:2> 什么是我应该分别为圣献给神的? 

  13:2 “分别为圣”就是献祭,或者将某些物品归属于神。将头生的归主,是要百姓纪念他们蒙神拯救的大恩。( 13:1-16 ) 

  出 13:4> 13:4 “亚笔月”(犹太历的第一个月)相当于阳历三、四月之间。 

  出 13:6-9> “记号、标志”……基督徒的标志是…… 

  13:6-9 除酵节把以色列人分别出来,使他们成了与众不同的民族,就好像在手上和额上打下记号一般。你怎样使自己身上有作神信徒的记号?以神的准则养育儿女、对别人的关怀、对穷人的体谅、过敬畏神的生活──这些都是信徒的标志。世界各民族都有其独特性,而基督徒的标志就是彼此相爱(参约 13:34-35 )。 

  出 13:12-14> “以色列人头生的男孩和雄性牲畜,都归给神(都要赎回)”是什么意思? 

  13:12-14 以色列人出埃及的那一夜,所有头生的男孩,都因门框上涂上羔羊之血而免于被杀。因为神拯救了他们,所以祂有权利要求将这些归给祂。不过神吩咐他们,要用银子把头生的男孩赎回。这种礼仪有三个目的:( 1 )使以色列人想起神免去他们长子的死亡,释放全民脱离为奴之地。( 2 )它显明神极度重视人类的生命,跟异教有天壤之别,拜假神的人相信假神喜爱杀人献祭。( 3 )它预表将来主耶稣基督要为我们付上赎价,一次性将我们买回并永远归与神。 

  出 13:17-18> 神照自己的意思而行──有时就是不太想随祂的;随我的不可以吗? 

  13:17-18 神并不常照我们的理想来行事。祂领以色列人出埃及以后,并没有领他们走最近便的道路,直接去应许之地,乃是绕道而行,避免与非利士人争战。如果神没有领你走捷径,不要埋怨,也不要抗拒祂;只要甘心顺从,信靠祂领你平安地绕过看不见的拦阻。祂从开头就看到旅程的终点,祂知道哪一条是最安全、最好的道路。 

  出 13:17-18> 以色列人何时离开埃及? 

  13:17-18 对以色列人究竟在何时离开埃及,有两个解释。认为是早期的,说他们在公元前 1446-1445 年之间离开;认为是在后期的,则定在公元前 1300-1220 年之间。前者的依据是 " 以色列人出埃及地后 480 年, ...... 开工建造耶和华的殿 " (参王上 6:1 )。几乎所有的学者都同意,所罗门是在公元前 966 年建造圣殿的,加上 480 年就是公元前 1446 年。后者则觉得 480 年不能按字面理解,因为以色列人曾为法老建造比东和兰塞这两个贮货城(参出 1:11 ),兰塞是照法老兰塞二世所起的名字,他在公元前 1290 年前后即位,作王六十五年。不管是哪一种看法,总之神是照祂的应许,领以色列人出了埃及,既表明祂的大能,又表达祂对自己百姓的大爱。 

  出 13:21-22> 在你人生的旷野路上,也看得见云柱和火柱吗? 

  13:21-22 神赐给以色列人云柱与火柱,使他们在白昼与黑夜都知道祂的同在,一路引领他们到应许之地。祂赐什么给我们,让我们在人生旅途中有同样的确据呢?那就是圣经。昔日以色列人没并有圣经,今天我们可从神的话语中,得到祂一再的保证,知道祂在我们中间。昔日以色列人仰望云柱、火柱,今天我们昼夜诵读圣经,知道祂与我们同在,并引领我们的一生。 

  出 13:21-22> 日间云柱,夜间火柱何等壮观!为的是…… 

  13:21-22 云柱与火柱是神以具体的形象显现的实例。祂照亮路程,保护他们不受仇敌侵扰,使百姓有祂引领的确据,保守他们的脚踪,激励众人为神发出火热的爱心。──《灵修版圣经注释》