旧约 - 列王记上(1 Kings)第22章

And they continued three years without war between Syria and Israel.
And it came to pass in the third year, that Jehoshaphat the king of Judah came down to the king of Israel.
And the king of Israel said unto his servants, Know ye that Ramoth in Gilead is ours, and we be still, and take it not out of the hand of the king of Syria?
And he said unto Jehoshaphat, Wilt thou go with me to battle to Ramothgilead? And Jehoshaphat said to the king of Israel, I am as thou art, my people as thy people, my horses as thy horses.
And Jehoshaphat said unto the king of Israel, Enquire, I pray thee, at the word of the LORD to day.
Then the king of Israel gathered the prophets together, about four hundred men, and said unto them, Shall I go against Ramothgilead to battle, or shall I forbear? And they said, Go up; for the LORD shall deliver it into the hand of the king.
And Jehoshaphat said, Is there not here a prophet of the LORD besides, that we might enquire of him?
And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat, There is yet one man, Micaiah the son of Imlah, by whom we may enquire of the LORD: but I hate him; for he doth not prophesy good concerning me, but evil. And Jehoshaphat said, Let not the king say so.
Then the king of Israel called an officer, and said, Hasten hither Micaiah the son of Imlah.
And the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah sat each on his throne, having put on their robes, in a void place in the entrance of the gate of Samaria; and all the prophets prophesied before them.
And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron: and he said, Thus saith the LORD, With these shalt thou push the Syrians, until thou have consumed them.
And all the prophets prophesied so, saying, Go up to Ramothgilead, and prosper: for the LORD shall deliver it into the king's hand.
And the messenger that was gone to call Micaiah spake unto him, saying, Behold now, the words of the prophets declare good unto the king with one mouth: let thy word, I pray thee, be like the word of one of them, and speak that which is good.
And Micaiah said, As the LORD liveth, what the LORD saith unto me, that will I speak.
So he came to the king. And the king said unto him, Micaiah, shall we go against Ramothgilead to battle, or shall we forbear? And he answered him, Go, and prosper: for the LORD shall deliver it into the hand of the king.
And the king said unto him, How many times shall I adjure thee that thou tell me nothing but that which is true in the name of the LORD?
And he said, I saw all Israel scattered upon the hills, as sheep that have not a shepherd: and the LORD said, These have no master: let them return every man to his house in peace.
And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat, Did I not tell thee that he would prophesy no good concerning me, but evil?
And he said, Hear thou therefore the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on his throne, and all the host of heaven standing by him on his right hand and on his left.
And the LORD said, Who shall persuade Ahab, that he may go up and fall at Ramothgilead? And one said on this manner, and another said on that manner.
And there came forth a spirit, and stood before the LORD, and said, I will persuade him.
And the LORD said unto him, Wherewith? And he said, I will go forth, and I will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets. And he said, Thou shalt persuade him, and prevail also: go forth, and do so.
Now therefore, behold, the LORD hath put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these thy prophets, and the LORD hath spoken evil concerning thee.
But Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah went near, and smote Micaiah on the cheek, and said, Which way went the Spirit of the LORD from me to speak unto thee?
And Micaiah said, Behold, thou shalt see in that day, when thou shalt go into an inner chamber to hide thyself.
And the king of Israel said, Take Micaiah, and carry him back unto Amon the governor of the city, and to Joash the king's son;
And say, Thus saith the king, Put this fellow in the prison, and feed him with bread of affliction and with water of affliction, until I come in peace.
And Micaiah said, If thou return at all in peace, the LORD hath not spoken by me. And he said, Hearken, O people, every one of you.
So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah went up to Ramothgilead.
And the king of Israel said unto Jehoshaphat, I will disguise myself, and enter into the battle; but put thou on thy robes. And the king of Israel disguised himself, and went into the battle.
But the king of Syria commanded his thirty and two captains that had rule over his chariots, saying, Fight neither with small nor great, save only with the king of Israel.
And it came to pass, when the captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat, that they said, Surely it is the king of Israel. And they turned aside to fight against him: and Jehoshaphat cried out.
And it came to pass, when the captains of the chariots perceived that it was not the king of Israel, that they turned back from pursuing him.
And a certain man drew a bow at a venture, and smote the king of Israel between the joints of the harness: wherefore he said unto the driver of his chariot, Turn thine hand, and carry me out of the host; for I am wounded.
And the battle increased that day: and the king was stayed up in his chariot against the Syrians, and died at even: and the blood ran out of the wound into the midst of the chariot.
And there went a proclamation throughout the host about the going down of the sun, saying, Every man to his city, and every man to his own country.
So the king died, and was brought to Samaria; and they buried the king in Samaria.
And one washed the chariot in the pool of Samaria; and the dogs licked up his blood; and they washed his armour; according unto the word of the LORD which he spake.
Now the rest of the acts of Ahab, and all that he did, and the ivory house which he made, and all the cities that he built, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?
So Ahab slept with his fathers; and Ahaziah his son reigned in his stead.
And Jehoshaphat the son of Asa began to reign over Judah in the fourth year of Ahab king of Israel.
Jehoshaphat was thirty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned twenty and five years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.
And he walked in all the ways of Asa his father; he turned not aside from it, doing that which was right in the eyes of the LORD: nevertheless the high places were not taken away; for the people offered and burnt incense yet in the high places.
And Jehoshaphat made peace with the king of Israel.
Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, and his might that he shewed, and how he warred, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
And the remnant of the sodomites, which remained in the days of his father Asa, he took out of the land.
There was then no king in Edom: a deputy was king.
Jehoshaphat made ships of Tharshish to go to Ophir for gold: but they went not; for the ships were broken at Eziongeber.
Then said Ahaziah the son of Ahab unto Jehoshaphat, Let my servants go with thy servants in the ships. But Jehoshaphat would not.
And Jehoshaphat slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Jehoram his son reigned in his stead.
Ahaziah the son of Ahab began to reign over Israel in Samaria the seventeenth year of Jehoshaphat king of Judah, and reigned two years over Israel.
And he did evil in the sight of the LORD, and walked in the way of his father, and in the way of his mother, and in the way of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin:
For he served Baal, and worshipped him, and provoked to anger the LORD God of Israel, according to all that his father had done.
列王纪上第廿二章   第 22 章 

  王上 22:6> 这些先知是神的人吗? 

  22:6 这四百个先知可能是亚舍拉的祭司,以利亚在迦密山上虽然杀了四百五十个拜巴力的先知( 18:19-40 ),这批人却没有被杀。 

  列王年代与其仇敌 

  王上 22:7> 辨别真假先知的标准是什么? 

  22:7 约沙法知道异教先知与“耶和华的先知”之间的区别,所以他问是否还可以再问一个人。尽管亚哈不愿意,约沙法显然想做当做的事。可惜这两个王都不理会神的信息,只听异教先知的话。 

  王上 22:15-16> 米该雅也说王爱听的话了吗? 

  22:15 -16 米 该雅从前曾起誓说,他只讲神吩咐他讲的话,为什么又告诉亚哈可以去攻击亚兰人呢?他可能是冷嘲热讽,把异教先知的信息当作儿戏,以表明他们只将亚哈王愿听的话告诉他。他的语气令人人都听出他是在讥讽异教的先知。到他正正经经说话 的时候,他就预言王必战死,这场战争必败。亚哈虽曾一时悔改( 21:27 ),但仍然保留着一批假先知,而这些人正是导致他败亡的陷阱。 

  王上 22:19-22> 作领袖的怎样辨别身边的人,亚哈的教训给人什么警戒? 

  22:19 -22 米 该雅所见的异象,或许是天上的真实情景,或许是在地上发生的事情的比喻,说明假先知的诱惑会成为神惩罚亚哈的原因之一( 22:23 )。不管是不是神打发使者去引诱亚哈,祂总让假先知使亚哈陷在自己罪的网罗里。谎言之灵预表假先知的为人,只讲亚哈王爱听的话。 

  王上 22:20-22> 我不很了解全能的神,但我愿认识和追求神…… 

  22:20-22 神是否容许天使引诱人去作恶呢?要想明白邪恶,首先要了解神。( 1 )神本身是良善的(参诗 11:7 )。( 2 )神创造了美好的世界,但因人的犯罪使它败坏了(参罗 5:12 )。( 3 )神将来要重新改造这世界,使它变成良善的(参启 21:1 )。( 4 )神的能力远胜过邪恶(参太 13:41-43 ;启 19:11-21 )。( 5 )神暂时容忍邪恶,其实祂绝对能控制邪恶(参太 11:28-30 )。神没有创造恶,而且乐意助人去胜过恶。( 6 )神使用万事──包括善与恶,以成全祂的美意(参创 50:20 ;罗 8:28 )。 

  圣经告诉我们,有一位恨恶邪恶的神,将来有一天,祂会将邪恶完全除尽,直到永远(参启 20:10-15 )。祂绝不引诱任何人去作恶;但是,一心一意作恶之人,神可能会暂时任凭他犯罪,等到恶贯满盈之时,就使他们受到应得的惩罚,以色列人出埃及以前的埃及法老就是个明显的例子(参出 11:10 )。我们不需要知道神工作的一切细则,来建立我们的信心,确信祂对邪恶的权柄和对我们的仁慈。 

  王上 22:34> 乔装可蒙骗人的眼,却逃不脱神的手,我有过愚蠢之念…… 

  22:34 亚哈逃不了神的审判。亚兰王派三十二个精选的车兵长,专门为除灭亚哈。他以为可以逃脱,所以改装上阵,但是在车兵长追逐约沙法王的时候,有人随意开弓便射中了他。他以为脱下王服改装就可以逃脱阵亡的厄运,实在愚不可及。人有时想乔装来掩饰自己──改变职业、搬入新居、甚至离婚重新嫁娶,以逃避现实。但是神察看每一个人,也衡量他的动机。一切的伪装皆属徒然。 

  王上 22:35> 亚哈的悲剧给世人什么教训? 

  22:35 亚哈的死应验了先知的预言( 20:42 )。亚哈悲剧的详情,请看第 19 章对他的人物介绍。 

  王上 22:41-50> 22:41-50 有关约沙法的详情,请看历代志下 17 章至 20 章中所记他在位的政绩。 

  掠夺圣殿者 

  王上 22:43> 世无完人,约沙法有哪些功绩和局限? 

  22:43 约沙法像他的父亲亚撒与祖先所罗门一样顺服神,只是他还没有将邱坛废去──那是异教徒在山上所建拜假神的祠堂(参代下 20:33 )。在那里敬拜偶像是违背神的律法的(参民 33:52 )。他起初想除去这些(参代下 17:6 ),但是拜偶像已过于普遍,所以执行起来有困难。他虽然对全国的灵性、道德、以至物质财富的增长都有许多贡献,却未能除去邱坛,实在是美中不足的事。 

  分裂的以色列王国 

  王上 22:52-53> 列王纪上告诉了我们哪些历史的经验教训? 

  22:52-53 列王纪上开始的时候,以色列人在历史上最敬虔的君王大卫领导之下,有一个统一的王国。但是到书卷的末后,则以分裂了的王国和历代君王之中最邪恶的亚哈王之死作终结。究竟为什么这样不同呢?因为百姓忘记了神是他们最高的领导者。他们指派人作高官将领,可是这班人却不理会神,于是人民就随从这些行恶的领袖,仿效他们的生活方式。偶尔犯错却不正视,就会逐渐地成为一种生活习惯。对于他们的严重罪行,只有神的审判才能对付。祂容许敌国兴起,与以色列及犹大国争战,并打败他们,好作为对他们犯罪的惩罚。什么时候我们不再承认神是我们最高的领导者,那时就是走向败亡的第一步。 

  分裂的以色列王国 

 

  ──《灵修版圣经注释》