旧约 - 以斯拉记(Ezra)第3章

And when the seventh month was come, and the children of Israel were in the cities, the people gathered themselves together as one man to Jerusalem.
Then stood up Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and his brethren the priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and his brethren, and builded the altar of the God of Israel, to offer burnt offerings thereon, as it is written in the law of Moses the man of God.
And they set the altar upon his bases; for fear was upon them because of the people of those countries: and they offered burnt offerings thereon unto the LORD, even burnt offerings morning and evening.
They kept also the feast of tabernacles, as it is written, and offered the daily burnt offerings by number, according to the custom, as the duty of every day required;
And afterward offered the continual burnt offering, both of the new moons, and of all the set feasts of the LORD that were consecrated, and of every one that willingly offered a freewill offering unto the LORD.
From the first day of the seventh month began they to offer burnt offerings unto the LORD. But the foundation of the temple of the LORD was not yet laid.
They gave money also unto the masons, and to the carpenters; and meat, and drink, and oil, unto them of Zidon, and to them of Tyre, to bring cedar trees from Lebanon to the sea of Joppa, according to the grant that they had of Cyrus king of Persia.
Now in the second year of their coming unto the house of God at Jerusalem, in the second month, began Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and the remnant of their brethren the priests and the Levites, and all they that were come out of the captivity unto Jerusalem; and appointed the Levites, from twenty years old and upward, to set forward the work of the house of the LORD.
Then stood Jeshua with his sons and his brethren, Kadmiel and his sons, the sons of Judah, together, to set forward the workmen in the house of God: the sons of Henadad, with their sons and their brethren the Levites.
And when the builders laid the foundation of the temple of the LORD, they set the priests in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites the sons of Asaph with cymbals, to praise the LORD, after the ordinance of David king of Israel.
And they sang together by course in praising and giving thanks unto the LORD; because he is good, for his mercy endureth for ever toward Israel. And all the people shouted with a great shout, when they praised the LORD, because the foundation of the house of the LORD was laid.
But many of the priests and Levites and chief of the fathers, who were ancient men, that had seen the first house, when the foundation of this house was laid before their eyes, wept with a loud voice; and many shouted aloud for joy:
So that the people could not discern the noise of the shout of joy from the noise of the weeping of the people: for the people shouted with a loud shout, and the noise was heard afar off.
以斯拉记第三章   第 3 章 

  拉 3:2-3> 回归后建造祭坛且献上燔祭,定然别有意义…… 

  3:2-3 建造祭坛是犹太人回归后头一次有组织的行动。祭坛象征着神的同在与保护,修筑祭坛显示了以色列人复国的意愿,也表明他们专一事奉神的决心。所罗巴伯照摩西律法的吩咐,献上燔祭(参利 1-7 章)。他们此举意义深长,代表要寻求神的指引,把生命再次献上,听从主的教导,并求祂赦罪。 

  拉 3:3> 既回到自己的地方,为什么又会惧怕呢? 

  3:3 犹太人害怕邻国的攻击。这些国家混杂了不同种族,他们的祖先曾被亚述国征服。公元前 722 年,以色列人被打败掳走,外族人被迫迁入北国以色列境内( 4:1-2 )。这种迁徙行动是亚述国一贯的策略,免得战败国的民族主义抬头,引来动乱。部分移入的外邦人后来迁到南边近耶路撒冷的地方。现在,因犹太人回归,外邦人便感到自己在当地的主权受到威胁。 

  拉 3:4> 以色列人守住棚节目的是──今天我们过宗教节日,又是为了什么? 

  3:4 住棚节为期七天,期间百姓入住的临时居所(帐篷、棚子、披屋),与祖先前往应许之地途中,在旷野漂流时所住的一样。这节日提醒神的子民,过去神如何保护和引领他们的祖先走过旷野。神对他们的爱恒久不变。(有关住棚节详细的描述,请参利 23:33-36 。) 

  拉 3:5> 过去的经验,叫以色列人学到重要的一课──我们在其中又学到看到多少? 

  3:5 被掳归回者返抵故国后,不等圣殿的根基建起,便立即筑坛敬拜神、献上祭物。经过多年被掳,他们吸取了教训,明白到神不会眷顾远离祂的人。过去他们强盛之时尚且被巴比伦人掳走,何况现在人数稀少、势力薄弱,且被仇敌包围,就更该倚靠神了。他们知道服从神必须发自内心,不能当成例行公事。若我们希望随时得到神的帮助,便应当紧紧依靠祂,把祂放在首位。 

  拉 3:5> 以色列重视他们的律法了,你看他们献祭的频繁…… 

  3:5 摩西律法订明献祭条例(参利 1 ; 6:8-13 ),利未记 23 章详述了其中细节。每逢月朔之日,以色列人都举行特别仪式庆祝纪念(参民 10:10 )。 

  拉 3:7> 以物易物,很熟悉的一幕…… 

  3:7 所罗门建造第一座圣殿时(参代下 2 章),也曾用以色列盛产的粮食和橄榄油,与西顿及推罗交换国内所短缺的木材。 

  所罗巴伯 

  拉 3:8> 城墙不是重要得多吗?生命悠关啊!为何竟然先建圣殿? 

  3:8 为何要先建造圣殿,然后才重建城墙呢?因为圣殿是百姓灵性上的需要,城墙则是军事和政治上的需要。犹太人明白了神才是人的保护,若神离开了他们,纵使有坚固的城墙也无济于事(参诗 127:1 )。他们知道保持良好的灵性生活,比巩固国防更为重要。 

  拉 3:8> 怎么不一开始就动工,还要筹划那么久?我们做事不是要快吗? 

  3:8 建殿的准备工作在九月展开,直至翌年六月(参 3:1 ;九月是犹太历法一年里的第七个月,因为阳历三月才是犹太新年的开始)。以色列人知道工程影响深远,所以他们花了很长时间来计划筹备。预备工作看似平凡、不怎么神圣,但其实任何工程要完满竣工,准备工夫都是不容忽视的。 

  拉 3:10-11> 3:10-11 大卫曾清楚指示,在圣殿里敬拜时应如何使用音乐(参代上 16:25 )。 

  拉 3:10-11> 不求问功劳只默默付出;只因他们看到他们所有的一切,非从自己而出…… 

  3:10-11 圣殿根基的奠定,有赖于每位参与者付出极大的努力,不过当中没有一人夸耀自己或诉说自己的辛劳,只将荣耀归于神。所有美善的恩赐,如天资、才能、力量和领导能力,全由神而来,应当感谢神给我们各种恩赐,又使用我们来完成祂的工作。 

  拉 3:11> 有关唱诗赞美神的情景,圣经记载当不只是这些吧? 

  3:11 圣经记载了不少关于诗歌和音乐的事工,这方面的资料请看出埃及记 14 章的附表。 

  拉 3:12> 根基没有以往的宏伟,人感沮丧;成就不及别人,人感自卑;只是在神眼里,最宝贵的是── 

  3:12 圣殿被毁五十年之后再次被建立(公元前 536 年)。年长的一看见新殿的根基远不如所罗门圣殿的那般讲究,便哭了起来。不过,圣殿是否漂亮对神并不是最重要,因为祂所重视的是建造者和敬拜者的心。神看重我们是怎样的人,多于我们的成就。世界千变万化,灿烂一时的功业转瞬便会衰落、消逝。我们只管尽心事奉神,不必与人比较事业的成就。 

  拉 3:12> 哭了,情感复杂…… 

  3:12 新殿建在所罗门旧殿的根基上,两殿的大小相若,但旧殿却是精心建造装饰华丽的,周围有很多建筑物和一个宽阔的院子。两殿均用进口的香柏木建造,但所罗门的殿用大量精金和宝石装饰。旧殿花了七年多时间才完成,而新殿只用了四年。旧殿位于繁华的市中心,新殿周围却是一片废墟。新殿与旧殿如此迥异,难怪百姓感到悲伤。 

  拉 3:13> 欢笑声、哭号声,织出一幅百感交集的图画,在我们的生命中,有多少这样的时候? 

  3:13 圣殿的根基落成,庆典中欢呼和痛哭声交杂,可见以色列人的心情复杂矛盾。圣灵会激动我们,使我们因神的恩慈而喜乐,也叫我们因罪孽而哀恸,好让神有机会使我们改过归正。当我们来到全能的神面前,同样既会满有喜乐和感谢,又会因自己的过犯和亏欠而心情沉重。──《灵修版圣经注释》