旧约 - 以斯拉记(Ezra)第3章

When the seventh month came and the Israelites had settled in their towns, the people assembled as one man in Jerusalem.
Then Jeshua son of Jozadak and his fellow priests and Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel and his associates began to build the altar of the God of Israel to sacrifice burnt offerings on it, in accordance with what is written in the Law of Moses the man of God.
Despite their fear of the peoples around them, they built the altar on its foundation and sacrificed burnt offerings on it to the LORD, both the morning and evening sacrifices.
Then in accordance with what is written, they celebrated the Feast of Tabernacles with the required number of burnt offerings prescribed for each day.
After that, they presented the regular burnt offerings, the New Moon sacrifices and the sacrifices for all the appointed sacred feasts of the LORD, as well as those brought as freewill offerings to the LORD.
On the first day of the seventh month they began to offer burnt offerings to the LORD, though the foundation of the LORD'S temple had not yet been laid.
Then they gave money to the masons and carpenters, and gave food and drink and oil to the people of Sidon and Tyre, so that they would bring cedar logs by sea from Lebanon to Joppa, as authorized by Cyrus king of Persia.
In the second month of the second year after their arrival at the house of God in Jerusalem, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, Jeshua son of Jozadak and the rest of their brothers (the priests and the Levites and all who had returned from the captivity to Jerusalem) began the work, appointing Levites twenty years of age and older to supervise the building of the house of the LORD.
Jeshua and his sons and brothers and Kadmiel and his sons (descendants of Hodaviah) and the sons of Henadad and their sons and brothers--all Levites--joined together in supervising those working on the house of God.
When the builders laid the foundation of the temple of the LORD, the priests in their vestments and with trumpets, and the Levites (the sons of Asaph) with cymbals, took their places to praise the LORD, as prescribed by David king of Israel.
With praise and thanksgiving they sang to the LORD: "He is good; his love to Israel endures forever." And all the people gave a great shout of praise to the LORD, because the foundation of the house of the LORD was laid.
But many of the older priests and Levites and family heads, who had seen the former temple, wept aloud when they saw the foundation of this temple being laid, while many others shouted for joy.
No one could distinguish the sound of the shouts of joy from the sound of weeping, because the people made so much noise. And the sound was heard far away.
以斯拉记第三章   第 3 章 

  拉 3:2-3> 回归后建造祭坛且献上燔祭,定然别有意义…… 

  3:2-3 建造祭坛是犹太人回归后头一次有组织的行动。祭坛象征着神的同在与保护,修筑祭坛显示了以色列人复国的意愿,也表明他们专一事奉神的决心。所罗巴伯照摩西律法的吩咐,献上燔祭(参利 1-7 章)。他们此举意义深长,代表要寻求神的指引,把生命再次献上,听从主的教导,并求祂赦罪。 

  拉 3:3> 既回到自己的地方,为什么又会惧怕呢? 

  3:3 犹太人害怕邻国的攻击。这些国家混杂了不同种族,他们的祖先曾被亚述国征服。公元前 722 年,以色列人被打败掳走,外族人被迫迁入北国以色列境内( 4:1-2 )。这种迁徙行动是亚述国一贯的策略,免得战败国的民族主义抬头,引来动乱。部分移入的外邦人后来迁到南边近耶路撒冷的地方。现在,因犹太人回归,外邦人便感到自己在当地的主权受到威胁。 

  拉 3:4> 以色列人守住棚节目的是──今天我们过宗教节日,又是为了什么? 

  3:4 住棚节为期七天,期间百姓入住的临时居所(帐篷、棚子、披屋),与祖先前往应许之地途中,在旷野漂流时所住的一样。这节日提醒神的子民,过去神如何保护和引领他们的祖先走过旷野。神对他们的爱恒久不变。(有关住棚节详细的描述,请参利 23:33-36 。) 

  拉 3:5> 过去的经验,叫以色列人学到重要的一课──我们在其中又学到看到多少? 

  3:5 被掳归回者返抵故国后,不等圣殿的根基建起,便立即筑坛敬拜神、献上祭物。经过多年被掳,他们吸取了教训,明白到神不会眷顾远离祂的人。过去他们强盛之时尚且被巴比伦人掳走,何况现在人数稀少、势力薄弱,且被仇敌包围,就更该倚靠神了。他们知道服从神必须发自内心,不能当成例行公事。若我们希望随时得到神的帮助,便应当紧紧依靠祂,把祂放在首位。 

  拉 3:5> 以色列重视他们的律法了,你看他们献祭的频繁…… 

  3:5 摩西律法订明献祭条例(参利 1 ; 6:8-13 ),利未记 23 章详述了其中细节。每逢月朔之日,以色列人都举行特别仪式庆祝纪念(参民 10:10 )。 

  拉 3:7> 以物易物,很熟悉的一幕…… 

  3:7 所罗门建造第一座圣殿时(参代下 2 章),也曾用以色列盛产的粮食和橄榄油,与西顿及推罗交换国内所短缺的木材。 

  所罗巴伯 

  拉 3:8> 城墙不是重要得多吗?生命悠关啊!为何竟然先建圣殿? 

  3:8 为何要先建造圣殿,然后才重建城墙呢?因为圣殿是百姓灵性上的需要,城墙则是军事和政治上的需要。犹太人明白了神才是人的保护,若神离开了他们,纵使有坚固的城墙也无济于事(参诗 127:1 )。他们知道保持良好的灵性生活,比巩固国防更为重要。 

  拉 3:8> 怎么不一开始就动工,还要筹划那么久?我们做事不是要快吗? 

  3:8 建殿的准备工作在九月展开,直至翌年六月(参 3:1 ;九月是犹太历法一年里的第七个月,因为阳历三月才是犹太新年的开始)。以色列人知道工程影响深远,所以他们花了很长时间来计划筹备。预备工作看似平凡、不怎么神圣,但其实任何工程要完满竣工,准备工夫都是不容忽视的。 

  拉 3:10-11> 3:10-11 大卫曾清楚指示,在圣殿里敬拜时应如何使用音乐(参代上 16:25 )。 

  拉 3:10-11> 不求问功劳只默默付出;只因他们看到他们所有的一切,非从自己而出…… 

  3:10-11 圣殿根基的奠定,有赖于每位参与者付出极大的努力,不过当中没有一人夸耀自己或诉说自己的辛劳,只将荣耀归于神。所有美善的恩赐,如天资、才能、力量和领导能力,全由神而来,应当感谢神给我们各种恩赐,又使用我们来完成祂的工作。 

  拉 3:11> 有关唱诗赞美神的情景,圣经记载当不只是这些吧? 

  3:11 圣经记载了不少关于诗歌和音乐的事工,这方面的资料请看出埃及记 14 章的附表。 

  拉 3:12> 根基没有以往的宏伟,人感沮丧;成就不及别人,人感自卑;只是在神眼里,最宝贵的是── 

  3:12 圣殿被毁五十年之后再次被建立(公元前 536 年)。年长的一看见新殿的根基远不如所罗门圣殿的那般讲究,便哭了起来。不过,圣殿是否漂亮对神并不是最重要,因为祂所重视的是建造者和敬拜者的心。神看重我们是怎样的人,多于我们的成就。世界千变万化,灿烂一时的功业转瞬便会衰落、消逝。我们只管尽心事奉神,不必与人比较事业的成就。 

  拉 3:12> 哭了,情感复杂…… 

  3:12 新殿建在所罗门旧殿的根基上,两殿的大小相若,但旧殿却是精心建造装饰华丽的,周围有很多建筑物和一个宽阔的院子。两殿均用进口的香柏木建造,但所罗门的殿用大量精金和宝石装饰。旧殿花了七年多时间才完成,而新殿只用了四年。旧殿位于繁华的市中心,新殿周围却是一片废墟。新殿与旧殿如此迥异,难怪百姓感到悲伤。 

  拉 3:13> 欢笑声、哭号声,织出一幅百感交集的图画,在我们的生命中,有多少这样的时候? 

  3:13 圣殿的根基落成,庆典中欢呼和痛哭声交杂,可见以色列人的心情复杂矛盾。圣灵会激动我们,使我们因神的恩慈而喜乐,也叫我们因罪孽而哀恸,好让神有机会使我们改过归正。当我们来到全能的神面前,同样既会满有喜乐和感谢,又会因自己的过犯和亏欠而心情沉重。──《灵修版圣经注释》