旧约 - 出埃及记(Exodus)第3章

Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father in law, the priest of Midian: and he led the flock to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb.
And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.
And when the LORD saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. And he said, Here am I.
And he said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground.
Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon God.
And the LORD said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows;
And I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
Now therefore, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto me: and I have also seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.
Come now therefore, and I will send thee unto Pharaoh, that thou mayest bring forth my people the children of Israel out of Egypt.
And Moses said unto God, Who am I, that I should go unto Pharaoh, and that I should bring forth the children of Israel out of Egypt?
And he said, Certainly I will be with thee; and this shall be a token unto thee, that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the people out of Egypt, ye shall serve God upon this mountain.
And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your fathers hath sent me unto you; and they shall say to me, What is his name? what shall I say unto them?
And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you.
And God said moreover unto Moses, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, The LORD God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you: this is my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations.
Go, and gather the elders of Israel together, and say unto them, The LORD God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, of Isaac, and of Jacob, appeared unto me, saying, I have surely visited you, and seen that which is done to you in Egypt:
And I have said, I will bring you up out of the affliction of Egypt unto the land of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, unto a land flowing with milk and honey.
And they shall hearken to thy voice: and thou shalt come, thou and the elders of Israel, unto the king of Egypt, and ye shall say unto him, The LORD God of the Hebrews hath met with us: and now let us go, we beseech thee, three days' journey into the wilderness, that we may sacrifice to the LORD our God.
And I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not by a mighty hand.
And I will stretch out my hand, and smite Egypt with all my wonders which I will do in the midst thereof: and after that he will let you go.
And I will give this people favour in the sight of the Egyptians: and it shall come to pass, that, when ye go, ye shall not go empty:
But every woman shall borrow of her neighbour, and of her that sojourneth in her house, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment: and ye shall put them upon your sons, and upon your daughters; and ye shall spoil the Egyptians.
出埃及记第三章   第 3 章 

  出 3:1> 摩西当牧羊人,被装备,神塑造他成为谦卑的领袖,我愿意被神陶造使用吗? 

  3:1 摩西曾贵为埃及王子,享尽荣华富贵,受人服事,现在作米甸的牧人,凡事要自己动手,前后的生活有何等大的分别!他现在做的,正是埃及人极看不起的工作(参创 43:32 ; 46:32-34 ),降卑为默默无闻的老百姓,一定会使他学到谦卑的功课,不过神也装备他去作以色列人的领袖。他自己作牧人,过游牧的生活,就知道日后要如何引领百姓,并且掌握在旷野生存之道。如果不是神的预备,为要使用他拯救以色列人脱离法老的奴役,他又怎能领会这个功课? 

  出 3:1> 3:1 何烈山又名西奈山,神在这里把律法启示给以色列人( 3:12 )。 

  出 3:2> 神为什么从不向我说话?其实── 

  3:2 神用摩西意想不到的方式──从荆棘火焰中向他说话。神也会用出人意料之外的方法,藉着人、藉着经验和某些主张向我们说话。所以我们要留心考究,随时向神敞开自己,神会出其不意地对我们说话。 

  出 3:2-4> 你见过神吗?祂的显现方式是什么样的? 

  3:2-4 摩西看到燃烧的荆棘并与神交谈。在旧约圣经中,许多人都在可见之形像(不一定是人的形像)中经历过神。亚伯拉罕看见冒烟的炉和烧着的火把(参创 15:17 );雅各与一个人摔跤(参创 32:24-29 );以色列人脱离为奴之地埃及时,神用云柱与火柱来引导( 13:17-22 )。神这样显现,为要鼓励祂的新族类,神要引导他们,并证明祂口中所传的信息是何等的可靠。 

  出 3:5-6> 摩西为什么要脱鞋?我是怎样去朝见神的? 

  3:5-6 摩西遵照神的吩咐,脱下脚上的鞋,并且蒙上脸。脱掉鞋是尊敬的行动,表示自己在神面前的不配。神是我们的朋友,更是全能的主宰。以轻率随便的态度朝见祂,就缺少诚意,失去尊敬了。扪心自问,你敬拜神是随随便便还是像蒙君王宠邀,作他嘉宾那样又庄严又隆重呢?你也许要改变自己的态度,才配朝见圣洁的神。 

  出 3:8> 迦南人是一个民族吗? 

  3:8 “迦南人……的地方”就是现在以色列与约旦两国之地。迦南人是住在那地各族的统称。 

  出 3:11-12> 神啊,这事我真难以胜任──你也这样回答神的呼召吗? 

  3:11-12 摩西觉得他才疏学浅,难当神托付之大任,所以推辞。他的想法十分自然。靠自己不足以成就大事,但是神没有要他孤军奋战,却给他别的帮助(神自己,亚伦,并应许他有能力行神迹)。神常常呼召我们做难如登天的工作,不过祂并没有叫我们单独去完成。祂要赐我们智慧与能力,使我们胜任,正如祂赐给摩西的。不要以为自己软弱无能就畏缩不前,好像摩西那样;应当仰望神,向祂支取更大的能力,把自己献上,让祂使用我们独特的才能。 

  出 3:13-15> 耶和华、自有永有、我是──神的名与我的信仰关系极大! 

  3:13-15 埃及人用许多不同的名字,称呼各式各样的神。摩西想知道神的名字,好在希伯来人问他究竟是谁打发他来的时候,可以明确地答覆。神自称为“自有永有的”(有的译作“耶和华”,希伯来文直译为“我是”),这个名字讲出祂永远的权能与不变的属性。在价值观、道德、法律都不断改变的世界中,我们在永不改变的神那里,可以坚定不移,满有安全感。那位向摩西显现的神,现在也活在我们中间。希伯来书说“耶稣基督昨日今日一直到永远是一样的”(来 13:8 ),神既是坚定而可靠的,我们就可以毫无隔阂地与祂交往,不必再费心思对祂作无谓的揣测。 

  出 3:14-15> 神对亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的应许如何实现? 

  3:14-15 “耶和华”这个名字,是从“我是”或“自有永有”这个希伯来文演变而来。神叫摩西想起祂与亚伯拉罕(参创 12:1-3 ; 15 ; 17 )、以撒(参创 26:2-5 )以及雅各(参创 28:13-15 )立约的应许,祂使用自有永有(耶和华)这个名字,表明祂亘古不变的性情。好几百年前神给以色列伟大先祖的应许,现在要藉着摩西来实现了。 

  出 3:16-17> 你是用神的话语、作为,和你的见证向人传福音的吗? 

  3:16-17 神吩咐摩西,把他在荆棘火焰中所看见、所听到的事告诉百姓。我们所信的神,是言行并重的神。最使人信服神的方法,就是把祂为百姓所做的事,并祂行事的法则告诉别人,使人认识祂是谁。要带人认识神,最好的方法是见证祂在你和你亲友身上的作为,或者把圣经人物的故事告诉他们。 

  出 3:17> 3:17 “流奶与蜜的地方”是一句诗意盎然的话,描绘出神应许之地的荣美与物产的丰富。 

  出 3:18-20> 世间一切人事都在神的掌握之中,我这渺小的人能做的就是…… 

  3:18-20 以色列人的首领,必会听从神藉摩西所传的信息,埃及人却不会听从。神早知双方的不同反应,祂深知未来,所以比一切心理学来得准确。基督徒也应将自己的前途交托给神,因祂早已知道明天。 

  出 3:22> 妇女向埃及人要金银器物和衣物,可能吗?不可能的事,神成就…… 

  3:22 金银珠宝和漂亮的衣服,不是以色列人向埃及人借的,乃是向他们要的。埃及人乐意让他们离开,所以甘心送上许多财物。这些财物,好些在后来用于建造会幕( 35:5 , 22 )。神应许以色列人可以夺取埃及人的财物,此事当时对摩西来说,似乎是不太可能的。──《灵修版圣经注释》