旧约 - 出埃及记(Exodus)第3章

Now Moses was tending the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian, and he led the flock to the far side of the desert and came to Horeb, the mountain of God.
There the angel of the LORD appeared to him in flames of fire from within a bush. Moses saw that though the bush was on fire it did not burn up.
So Moses thought, "I will go over and see this strange sight--why the bush does not burn up."
When the LORD saw that he had gone over to look, God called to him from within the bush, "Moses! Moses!" And Moses said, "Here I am."
"Do not come any closer," God said. "Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground."
Then he said, "I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob." At this, Moses hid his face, because he was afraid to look at God.
The LORD said, "I have indeed seen the misery of my people in Egypt. I have heard them crying out because of their slave drivers, and I am concerned about their suffering.
So I have come down to rescue them from the hand of the Egyptians and to bring them up out of that land into a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey--the home of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites.
And now the cry of the Israelites has reached me, and I have seen the way the Egyptians are oppressing them.
So now, go. I am sending you to Pharaoh to bring my people the Israelites out of Egypt."
But Moses said to God, "Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh and bring the Israelites out of Egypt?"
And God said, "I will be with you. And this will be the sign to you that it is I who have sent you: When you have brought the people out of Egypt, you will worship God on this mountain."
Moses said to God, "Suppose I go to the Israelites and say to them, 'The God of your fathers has sent me to you,' and they ask me, 'What is his name?' Then what shall I tell them?"
God said to Moses, "I AM WHO I AM. This is what you are to say to the Israelites: 'I AM has sent me to you.'"
God also said to Moses, "Say to the Israelites, 'The LORD, the God of your fathers--the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob--has sent me to you.' This is my name forever, the name by which I am to be remembered from generation to generation.
"Go, assemble the elders of Israel and say to them, 'The LORD, the God of your fathers--the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob--appeared to me and said: I have watched over you and have seen what has been done to you in Egypt.
And I have promised to bring you up out of your misery in Egypt into the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites--a land flowing with milk and honey.'
"The elders of Israel will listen to you. Then you and the elders are to go to the king of Egypt and say to him, 'The LORD, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Let us take a three-day journey into the desert to offer sacrifices to the LORD our God.'
But I know that the king of Egypt will not let you go unless a mighty hand compels him.
So I will stretch out my hand and strike the Egyptians with all the wonders that I will perform among them. After that, he will let you go.
"And I will make the Egyptians favorably disposed toward this people, so that when you leave you will not go empty-handed.
Every woman is to ask her neighbor and any woman living in her house for articles of silver and gold and for clothing, which you will put on your sons and daughters. And so you will plunder the Egyptians."
出埃及记第三章   第 3 章 

  出 3:1> 摩西当牧羊人,被装备,神塑造他成为谦卑的领袖,我愿意被神陶造使用吗? 

  3:1 摩西曾贵为埃及王子,享尽荣华富贵,受人服事,现在作米甸的牧人,凡事要自己动手,前后的生活有何等大的分别!他现在做的,正是埃及人极看不起的工作(参创 43:32 ; 46:32-34 ),降卑为默默无闻的老百姓,一定会使他学到谦卑的功课,不过神也装备他去作以色列人的领袖。他自己作牧人,过游牧的生活,就知道日后要如何引领百姓,并且掌握在旷野生存之道。如果不是神的预备,为要使用他拯救以色列人脱离法老的奴役,他又怎能领会这个功课? 

  出 3:1> 3:1 何烈山又名西奈山,神在这里把律法启示给以色列人( 3:12 )。 

  出 3:2> 神为什么从不向我说话?其实── 

  3:2 神用摩西意想不到的方式──从荆棘火焰中向他说话。神也会用出人意料之外的方法,藉着人、藉着经验和某些主张向我们说话。所以我们要留心考究,随时向神敞开自己,神会出其不意地对我们说话。 

  出 3:2-4> 你见过神吗?祂的显现方式是什么样的? 

  3:2-4 摩西看到燃烧的荆棘并与神交谈。在旧约圣经中,许多人都在可见之形像(不一定是人的形像)中经历过神。亚伯拉罕看见冒烟的炉和烧着的火把(参创 15:17 );雅各与一个人摔跤(参创 32:24-29 );以色列人脱离为奴之地埃及时,神用云柱与火柱来引导( 13:17-22 )。神这样显现,为要鼓励祂的新族类,神要引导他们,并证明祂口中所传的信息是何等的可靠。 

  出 3:5-6> 摩西为什么要脱鞋?我是怎样去朝见神的? 

  3:5-6 摩西遵照神的吩咐,脱下脚上的鞋,并且蒙上脸。脱掉鞋是尊敬的行动,表示自己在神面前的不配。神是我们的朋友,更是全能的主宰。以轻率随便的态度朝见祂,就缺少诚意,失去尊敬了。扪心自问,你敬拜神是随随便便还是像蒙君王宠邀,作他嘉宾那样又庄严又隆重呢?你也许要改变自己的态度,才配朝见圣洁的神。 

  出 3:8> 迦南人是一个民族吗? 

  3:8 “迦南人……的地方”就是现在以色列与约旦两国之地。迦南人是住在那地各族的统称。 

  出 3:11-12> 神啊,这事我真难以胜任──你也这样回答神的呼召吗? 

  3:11-12 摩西觉得他才疏学浅,难当神托付之大任,所以推辞。他的想法十分自然。靠自己不足以成就大事,但是神没有要他孤军奋战,却给他别的帮助(神自己,亚伦,并应许他有能力行神迹)。神常常呼召我们做难如登天的工作,不过祂并没有叫我们单独去完成。祂要赐我们智慧与能力,使我们胜任,正如祂赐给摩西的。不要以为自己软弱无能就畏缩不前,好像摩西那样;应当仰望神,向祂支取更大的能力,把自己献上,让祂使用我们独特的才能。 

  出 3:13-15> 耶和华、自有永有、我是──神的名与我的信仰关系极大! 

  3:13-15 埃及人用许多不同的名字,称呼各式各样的神。摩西想知道神的名字,好在希伯来人问他究竟是谁打发他来的时候,可以明确地答覆。神自称为“自有永有的”(有的译作“耶和华”,希伯来文直译为“我是”),这个名字讲出祂永远的权能与不变的属性。在价值观、道德、法律都不断改变的世界中,我们在永不改变的神那里,可以坚定不移,满有安全感。那位向摩西显现的神,现在也活在我们中间。希伯来书说“耶稣基督昨日今日一直到永远是一样的”(来 13:8 ),神既是坚定而可靠的,我们就可以毫无隔阂地与祂交往,不必再费心思对祂作无谓的揣测。 

  出 3:14-15> 神对亚伯拉罕、以撒、雅各的应许如何实现? 

  3:14-15 “耶和华”这个名字,是从“我是”或“自有永有”这个希伯来文演变而来。神叫摩西想起祂与亚伯拉罕(参创 12:1-3 ; 15 ; 17 )、以撒(参创 26:2-5 )以及雅各(参创 28:13-15 )立约的应许,祂使用自有永有(耶和华)这个名字,表明祂亘古不变的性情。好几百年前神给以色列伟大先祖的应许,现在要藉着摩西来实现了。 

  出 3:16-17> 你是用神的话语、作为,和你的见证向人传福音的吗? 

  3:16-17 神吩咐摩西,把他在荆棘火焰中所看见、所听到的事告诉百姓。我们所信的神,是言行并重的神。最使人信服神的方法,就是把祂为百姓所做的事,并祂行事的法则告诉别人,使人认识祂是谁。要带人认识神,最好的方法是见证祂在你和你亲友身上的作为,或者把圣经人物的故事告诉他们。 

  出 3:17> 3:17 “流奶与蜜的地方”是一句诗意盎然的话,描绘出神应许之地的荣美与物产的丰富。 

  出 3:18-20> 世间一切人事都在神的掌握之中,我这渺小的人能做的就是…… 

  3:18-20 以色列人的首领,必会听从神藉摩西所传的信息,埃及人却不会听从。神早知双方的不同反应,祂深知未来,所以比一切心理学来得准确。基督徒也应将自己的前途交托给神,因祂早已知道明天。 

  出 3:22> 妇女向埃及人要金银器物和衣物,可能吗?不可能的事,神成就…… 

  3:22 金银珠宝和漂亮的衣服,不是以色列人向埃及人借的,乃是向他们要的。埃及人乐意让他们离开,所以甘心送上许多财物。这些财物,好些在后来用于建造会幕( 35:5 , 22 )。神应许以色列人可以夺取埃及人的财物,此事当时对摩西来说,似乎是不太可能的。──《灵修版圣经注释》