旧约 - 出埃及记(Exodus)第23章

Thou shalt not raise a false report: put not thine hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness.
Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil; neither shalt thou speak in a cause to decline after many to wrest judgment:
Neither shalt thou countenance a poor man in his cause.
If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt surely bring it back to him again.
If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under his burden, and wouldest forbear to help him, thou shalt surely help with him.
Thou shalt not wrest the judgment of thy poor in his cause.
Keep thee far from a false matter; and the innocent and righteous slay thou not: for I will not justify the wicked.
And thou shalt take no gift: for the gift blindeth the wise, and perverteth the words of the righteous.
Also thou shalt not oppress a stranger: for ye know the heart of a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
And six years thou shalt sow thy land, and shalt gather in the fruits thereof:
But the seventh year thou shalt let it rest and lie still; that the poor of thy people may eat: and what they leave the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thy oliveyard.
Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest: that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger, may be refreshed.
And in all things that I have said unto you be circumspect: and make no mention of the name of other gods, neither let it be heard out of thy mouth.
Three times thou shalt keep a feast unto me in the year.
Thou shalt keep the feast of unleavened bread: (thou shalt eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded thee, in the time appointed of the month Abib; for in it thou camest out from Egypt: and none shall appear before me empty:)
And the feast of harvest, the firstfruits of thy labours, which thou hast sown in the field: and the feast of ingathering, which is in the end of the year, when thou hast gathered in thy labours out of the field.
Three times in the year all thy males shall appear before the LORD God.
Thou shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leavened bread; neither shall the fat of my sacrifice remain until the morning.
The first of the firstfruits of thy land thou shalt bring into the house of the LORD thy God. Thou shalt not seethe a kid in his mother's milk.
Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared.
Beware of him, and obey his voice, provoke him not; for he will not pardon your transgressions: for my name is in him.
But if thou shalt indeed obey his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries.
For mine Angel shall go before thee, and bring thee in unto the Amorites, and the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Canaanites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites: and I will cut them off.
Thou shalt not bow down to their gods, nor serve them, nor do after their works: but thou shalt utterly overthrow them, and quite break down their images.
And ye shall serve the LORD your God, and he shall bless thy bread, and thy water; and I will take sickness away from the midst of thee.
There shall nothing cast their young, nor be barren, in thy land: the number of thy days I will fulfil.
I will send my fear before thee, and will destroy all the people to whom thou shalt come, and I will make all thine enemies turn their backs unto thee.
And I will send hornets before thee, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee.
I will not drive them out from before thee in one year; lest the land become desolate, and the beast of the field multiply against thee.
By little and little I will drive them out from before thee, until thou be increased, and inherit the land.
And I will set thy bounds from the Red sea even unto the sea of the Philistines, and from the desert unto the river: for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand; and thou shalt drive them out before thee.
Thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor with their gods.
They shall not dwell in thy land, lest they make thee sin against me: for if thou serve their gods, it will surely be a snare unto thee.
出埃及记第廿三章   第 23 章 

  出 23:1> 神严禁人制造或散布谣言。我能勒住自己的舌头吗? 

  23:1 闲言闲语、毁谤中伤、作假见证,既破坏家庭,妨碍合作,还会搅乱公平的制度;说长道短,会制造纷争。即使谎言不是由你发出,但如果你把它告诉别人,你就难辞其咎。所以不要传播谣言,让它就止于你处,不再流传。(参箴 26:20 ) 

  出 23:2-3> 人心都是偏的,小小的不公平也可以接受吧──不可以?这…… 

  23:2-3 人会偏袒富人,失去公正,这两节经文却叫人不可偏袒穷人,而造成不平。对于贫富一视同仁,才算是不偏不倚。无论给穷人或富人特权,都有违公正,所以不要因群众的压力,影响你对某人的判断。我们要按照人人平等的原则行事,并公正地作出判断。 

  出 23:4-5> 我怎样对待与己有隔阂的人或仇人呢? 

  23:4-5 世人有冤必报,才算公道;叫人宽大仇敌,是一种新的主张,令人惊讶。神不单叫人认识这种想法,更立为律例。人如果看见仇敌的牲畜走迷了路,也必须把它牵回,即使失主可能利用牲畜来加害自己,也要交给他。在路加福音好撒马利亚人的比喻中,主耶稣明确教导我们,要帮助人(参路 10:30-37 )就连仇敌都不例外。我们以公义来对待朋友,尚且不容易,若能用神公平而慈爱的律法对待仇敌,必然显出我们与世人是何等的不同。 

  出 23:20-21> 神要差遣“使者”,走在以色列人前面,这一位使者是谁? 

  23:20-21 最可能就是神自己。神以使者的形像显现,和祂在云柱与火柱之中显现( 13:21-22 )完全一样。“祂是奉我名来的”,这是指在这位使者身上,显明神的大能与本领。 

  出 23:24-25> “不可效法他们的行为……”我所看重的是什么? 

  23:24-25 人很容易受生活习俗所感染,所谓“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”。神叫以色列人要小心选择日常接触的人,以免他们的信仰与生活导致百姓偏离神。我们也活在价值观与人生观迥异的人群之中,神要我们在生活中彰显祂,基督徒的生活方式与世人的标准不同,矛盾在所难免。我们的生活,应先看重“顺服神”而不是“得世人称赞与喜悦”。 

  出 23:29> 神不是应许把迦南地赐给以色列人吗?怎么?又不急于赶出迦南人? 

  23:29 神解决问题不一定是即时的,延迟并非意味祂真的不采取行动。神未把以色列人的仇敌即时赶走,祂要以色列人继续与祂同心,坚持到底,最后成功必然会逐步来到。 

  出 23:32-33> 神不断叫以色列人远避荒淫的宗教与假神。原因何在? 

  23:32-33 以色列人在埃及的时候,到处都是偶像与行巫术的;不过,离开那里并不表示他们就得以免受异教风俗的影响。在迦南地也会受偶像的感染。神知道祂的子民需要耳提面命,所以一再强调要防止异教风俗。 

  圣经中的律法和世俗社会的法律──《灵修版圣经注释》